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Omega-3: Fakten
- Therapie und Dosierung
Menstruationsschmerz:
1,8g/Tag EPA & DHA
In Fachzeitschriften wurden folgende Artikel über Omega-3
publiziert. Die Liste dieser Publikationen wurde im April 2003
kompiliert und erhebt keinen Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit.
Quelle: MEDLINE.
Die Daten dienen als Referenz für Ärzte und Therapeuten,
damit eine therapeutische Dosis bei Menstruationsschmerz
festgelegt werden kann.
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Menstrual
pain in Danish women correlated with low n-3 polyunsaturated fatty
acid intake.
Deutch B: Aarhus University, Denmark
Eur J Clin Nutr 1995 Jul 49:508-16
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The hypothesis tested was that
menstrual discomfort, e.g. dysmenorrhoea, known to be prostaglandin-mediated,
can be influenced by the dietary ratio of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated
fatty acids. The prostaglandins derived from marine n-3 fatty acids
are normally less aggressive and therefore expected to be associated
with milder symptoms. DESIGN: The question was surveyed in an epidemiological
study based upon self-administered questionnaires concerning menstrual
history, present symptoms, general health, socioeconomic factors,
and general dietary habits. Two (prospective) 4-day dietary records
were used to estimate average daily nutrient intake. SUBJECTS: The
subjects were recruited by advertising (about 220 volunteered);
181 healthy Danish women were selected, aged 20-45 years; they were
not pregnant and did not use oral contraceptives. RESULTS: No correlations
were found between socioeconomic or anthropometric data and menstrual
problems. On the contrary certain dietary
habits, e.g. low intake of animal and fish products, and intakes
of specific nutrients, were correlated with menstrual pain.
The average dietary n-3/n-6 ratio of women with menstrual pain was
0.24. It was significantly higher among those with low intake of
B12 coincident with low intake of n-3 (0.42, P < 0.001) (chi-square),
with low n-3 intake coincident with low n-3/n-6 ratio (0.42, P <
0.005), and finally with low intake of B12 coincident with low n-3/n-6
ratio (0.47, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The
results were highly significant and mutually consistent and supported
the hypothesis that a higher intake of marine n-3 fatty acids correlates
with milder menstrual symptoms. |
Painful
menstruation and low intake of n-3 fatty acids.
Deutch B: Specialkursus
i Husholdning, Aarhus Universitet, Denmark
Ugeskr Laeger 1996 Jul 158:4195-8
Abstract
Menstrual pain, dysmenorrhea, which is known to be prostaglandin
mediated, can possibly be influenced by the dietary ratio of omega-3
and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. The prostaglandins derived
from marine omega-3 fatty acids are normally less aggressive and
therefore expected to be associated with milder menstrual symptoms.
This hypothesis was surveyed in an epidemiological study in Danish
women based upon self administered questionnaires concerning menstrual
history, present symptoms, general health, socio-economic factors,
and general dietary habits. Two prospective four-day dietary records
were used to estimate average daily nutrient intake. The subjects
were recruited by advertising, they were 20-45 years of age, not
pregnant, and did not use oral contraceptives. No correlations were
found between socioeconomic or anthropometric data and menstrual
problems. However, certain dietary habits e.g. low intakes of animal
and fish products, and low intakes of specific nutrients (omega-3
PUFA, B12 and omega-3/omega-6 ratio) were correlated with menstrual
pain. The other nutrients in the diet were not significantly related
to menstrual pain. The results were highly significant and mutually
consistent and supported the hypothesis that a higher intake of
marine, omega-3 fatty acids correlate with milder menstrual symptoms.
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Leukotriene
release by endometrium and myometrium throughout the menstrual cycle
in dysmenorrhoea and menorrhagia.
Rees MC, DiMarzo V, Tippins JR,
Morris HR, Turnbull AC
J Endocrinol 1987 May 113:291-5
Abstract
Endometrium and myometrium were collected at hysterectomy
from 21 women with measured menstrual blood loss. Eight women complained
of dysmenorrhea and the remaining 13 had pain-free periods. Specimens
were obtained throughout the menstrual cycle (menstrual, n = 5;
follicular, n = 4; early luteal, n = 3; mid-luteal, n = 5; late
luteal, n = 4). Leukotriene C4, leukotriene D4 and leukotriene
E4 release were examined using a short-term incubation technique.
Endometrial leukotriene release, which was always significantly
greater than myometrial release, changed throughout the menstrual
cycle and the highest concentrations were found during menstruation.
Endometrial, but not myometrial, leukotriene concentrations were
significantly higher in tissues obtained from women with a complaint
of dysmenorrhoea compared with those in tissue from pain-free women.
No correlation was found between leukotriene release in either endometrium
or myometrium and menstrual blood loss (range 15-457 ml).
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Supplementation
with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the management of dysmenorrhea
in adolescents.
Harel Z: Division of Adolescent Medicine, Children's Hospital Medical
Center, Cincinnati OH, USA; Biro FM, Kottenhahn RK, Rosenthal SL
Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996 Apr 174:1335-8
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to examine whether dietary
supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids can relieve symptoms of
dysmenorrhea in adolescents. STUDY DESIGN: Forty-two
adolescents with dysmenorrhea were randomly allocated
to two groups. In the first group 21 girls
received fish oil (1080 mg eicosapentaenoic acid, 720 mg docosahexaenoic
acid, and 1.5 mg vitamin E) daily for 2 months followed by a placebo
for an additional 2 months. In the second group 21 girls
received placebo for the first 2 months, followed by fish oil for
2 more months. The Cox Menstrual Symptom Scale was used to assess
response to treatment. RESULTS: There were no significant differences
in the Cox Menstrual Symptom Scale between the two groups at baseline
after 2 months of placebo administration. After
2 months of treatment with fish oil there was a marked reduction
in the Cox Menstrual Symptom Scale from a baseline mean value of
69.9 to 44.0 (p < 0.0004).
CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that dietary
supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids has a beneficial effect
on symptoms of dysmenorrhea in adolescents. |
Epidemiology
of adolescent dysmenorrhea.
Klein JR, Litt IF
Pediatrics 1981 Nov 68:661-4
Abstract
Dysmenorrhea is the leading cause of recurrent short-term school
absenteeism among adolescent girls. Controversy surrounds the relative
role of psychologic and biologic variables in the pathogenesis of
dysmenorrhea. Therefore, data from 2,699 menarcheal adolescents,
drawn from a national probability sample of 12 to 17-year-old girls
(the National Health Examination Survey), were analyzed by bivariate
and multivariate analytic techniques for biologic, psychologic,
and demographic correlates of dysmenorrhea. Of 1,611 adolescents
(59,7%) who report dysmenorrhea, 14% frequently miss school because
of cramps. The greatest proportion of variation of independent variables
in a stepwise multiple regression analysis in this study was predicted
by gynecologic or postmenarcheal age. Preparation for menarche,
a psychologic variable, did not predict either dysmenorrhea or subsequent
school absence. Socioeconomic status was positively correlated with
dysmenorrhea although race was not. However, black students (23.6%)
miss more school because of dysmenorrhea than white students (12.3%)
even when socioeconomic status is held constant. Data in this study
suggest that biologic variables play a substantial role in the pathogenesis
of dysmenorrhea. |
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